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“The Haunted Palace”
The song Roderick sings, “The Haunted Palace,” is an extended metaphor that compares the mind of a mad person to a haunted house or a palace under siege. This metaphor is representative of Roderick’s own mental deterioration. In the first stanza of the song, Roderick names the monarch Thought (“In the monarch Thought’s dominion”), suggesting that reason rules over this mind. The physical elements of the palace additionally map onto the features of a human face. The “banners yellow, glorious, golden” that “float and flow” on the roof are locks of blond hair. It has two “luminous” windows representing eyes, and the door made of pearls and rubies is a mouth with red lips and pearly white teeth. However, sorrow attacks the palace, leaving the once luminous eyes red from crying, the ruby red lips now pale. The last three lines of the song (“Through the pale door, | A hideous throng rush out forever, | And laugh — but smile no more”) describe the horrible wailing of the person now that their reason has been overthrown. Although the person described in the song isn’t literally Roderick, the description of physical and emotional deterioration evokes his own, showing self-awareness of his pitiful state.
The House of Usher
The story explicitly ties the physical House of Usher to the Usher lineage, stating that the peasants in that domain use the phrase “House of Usher” for both. However, the connection between the house and the family runs deeper than linguistic shorthand. The decrepit house acts as a physical manifestation of the Usher family. The narrator observes the house as having an almost human-like quality, describing its windows as “eye-like.” Just as Roderick appears to radiate his own melancholy, so too does the house have a depressing air. Furthermore, the house, despite holding together as a totality, shows signs of physical decay, like crumbling stones, dead trees, and mushrooms growing from the masonry. Madeline herself is dying of a wasting disease, showing physical deterioration. Perhaps the most obvious parallel lies in the initially shallow crack in the manor, representing the impending destruction of the house. With the dissolution of the family line, so too falls the house. Because the last of the Usher line are twins, that the crack divides the house in two signals their eternal separation in death.
